Ieri sera, da Fazio, Massimo Gramellini ne ha letto un brano. Vi si sente tutta la passione dell'antifascista che visse gli anni bui della dittatura ma anche tutta la fiducia dell'uomo che credette nella lotta di liberazione e nella capacità di rinascita di un popolo. Questo discorso sulla scuola pubblica e sui rischi del sostegno alla scuola privata a detrimento the school of all has something prophetic. Therefore deserves careful reading and careful reflection.
Piero Calamandrei - speech at the Third Congress in defense of the National School in Rome on February 11, 1950"When public school is strong and sure thing, then, but only then, the private school is not dangerous. Then, but only then, the private school can be an asset. It can be a good thing that private forces, educational initiatives of classes, religious groups, political groups, philosophies, cultural trends of, cooperate with the state to expand, to stimulate, and renew attempts with a variety of culture. In family law, enshrined in another article of the Constitution, in Article 30, to instruct and educate their children, this opportunity is to be given to families to make their children attend schools of their choice and then allow the establishment of schools that best correspond with certain guarantees that we will now see the political preferences, religious, cultural of that family. But let us make well aware that while the public school is an expression of unity, cohesion, civic equality, the private school is an expression of diversity, which may mean heterogeneity of current decentralized system which the state must prevent currents become disruptive. The private school, in other words, it is not created for this. The school of the Republic, the state school, the school is not a philosophy, a religion, a political party, a sect. So why private schools springing up may be good and not a danger, you must:- that the state of the surveillance and control and that it is neutral and impartial between them. Does not favor one group of private schools to the detriment of others.- that private schools correspond to certain minimum level of seriousness of organization.Only in this way and other more precise, that soon dirò, si può avere il vantaggio della coesistenza della scuola pubblica con la scuola privata. La gara cioè tra le scuole statali e le private. Che si stabilisca una gara tra le scuole pubbliche e le scuole private, in modo che lo Stato da queste scuole private che sorgono, e che eventualmente possono portare idee e realizzazioni che finora nelle scuole pubbliche non c’erano, si senta stimolato a far meglio, a rendere, se mi sia permessa l’espressione, “più ottime” le proprie scuole. Stimolo dunque deve essere la scuola privata allo Stato, non motivo di abdicazione. Ci siano pure scuole di partito o scuole di chiesa. Ma lo Stato le deve sorvegliare, le deve regolare; le deve tenere nei loro limiti e deve riuscire a far better than them. The school in the state, then, must be a guarantee, because you do not slip into what would be the end of the school and perhaps the end of democracy and freedom, that is, the school party. How do you set up in a country with a party school? It can be done in two ways. One is that of totalitarianism open, said. We have experienced, unfortunately. I think everyone here you remember, though many people do you remember most. We tested under fascism. All schools become schools of the State: private school is no longer permitted, but the State becomes a party and then all schools are state schools, but schools are for this party. But there is another form to convert the school to get state party school or sect. Totalitarianism subtle, indirect, torpid, sluggish like some pneumonias that are without fever, but are dangerous.
Let us assume, so theoretically, there is a ruling party, a ruling party, which, however, formally wants to respect the constitution, not want to violate the substance. It does not make the march on Rome and transform the classroom space for the paddles, but wants to establish, without opinion, a disguised dictatorship. So, what to do to gain control of schools and to transform the State schools in schools party? He realizes that the State schools have the defect of being impartial. There is some resistance, in those schools is always there, even under fascism has been there. Then, the dominant party follows another path (it's all a theoretical hypothesis, mind you). He begins to neglect the public schools, to discredit, to impoverish. Let it anemizzino and begins to favor private schools. Not all private schools. The schools of his party, that party. And then all these treatments are beginning to go to private schools. Cure of money and privileges. He even begins to advise the boys to go to these schools, because basically it says are better than those of the state. And maybe give themselves awards, as now I will tell you, or proposes to give awards to citizens who are willing to send their children to public schools rather than private schools. A "those" private schools. The exams are easier, unless you study and you do best. So the private school becomes a privileged school. The ruling party, could not transform the State schools openly in Party schools, send the dogs to schools to give priority to the state's private schools. Beware, my friends, this conference this is the point that we must discuss. Warning, this is the recipe. We must keep an eye on the cooks of this low kitchen. The operation is done in three ways: there l’ho già detto:- rovinare le scuole di Stato. Lasciare che vadano in malora. Impoverire i loro bilanci. Ignorare i loro bisogni.- attenuare la sorveglianza e il controllo sulle scuole private. Non controllarne la serietà. Lasciare che vi insegnino insegnanti che non hanno i titoli minimi per insegnare. Lasciare che gli esami siano burlette.- dare alle scuole private denaro pubblico. Questo è il punto. Dare alle scuole private denaro pubblico!Quest’ultimo è il metodo più pericoloso. La fase più pericolosa di tutta l’operazione [...]. This then is the point, is the most dangerous method. Money for all citizens, all taxpayers of all believers in different religions, all belonging to different parties, which instead is intended to contribute to the schools of one religion, one sect, of one party [ ...].
words Piero Calamandrei return current
Piero Calamandrei Discourse on the Constitution - 1955
Piero Calamandrei Biography
0 comments:
Post a Comment